Białystok
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First strike in Bialystok
The passage describes the first strike in Bialystok during the 1880s.
Major violence in Bialystok in 1906
The Russian government organized a pogrom in Bialystok, causing deaths and injuries.
Mendel Kolner stabbed
Mendel Kolner was reportedly stabbed before Eliezer Hendler was shot.
Second hospital building added
A second two-story building was added to the second courtyard in 1892.
Founding of the study library
The study library was founded by the community on January 15, 1922.
Twentieth anniversary of the Textile Masters Association
The Textile Masters Association celebrated its twentieth anniversary in winter 1929; the text separately states it was founded on December 8, 1918.
Founding of the Jewish Craftsmen Society
The society was founded on the initiative of Tzvi Wieder; the OCR date is unclear.
Establishment of the Interest-Free Aid Loan Fund
The fund was established in July 1926 as a relief committee.
Founding of the Municipal Credit Society
The Municipal Credit Society was founded in 1907.
Official legalization of the Jewish Sports Club
Official legalization was granted in 1923 after efforts beginning in 1920.
First chess tournament
The first chess tournament took place in Bialystok in 1926.
Emiel's death in Israel
Emiel died in Israel.
Employment at the German printing house
Several named printers worked at the German printing house.
Actions in which printers died
Several dozen thousand people died during actions, including named printers.
Bikur Cholim founded
Bikur Cholim was founded on December 6 through Velvele’s initiative.
Death of Rabbi Kalonymus Kalman Lichtenstein
The passage records Rabbi Kalonymus Kalman Lichtenstein as deceased.
Cornerstone laying for Bialystok elderly home
The foundation stone was laid for an elderly home in Bialystok.
Death of Dr. Ludwig Zamenhof
Dr. Ludwig Zamenhof died in Warsaw in 1917.
Philolog Wiener emigrates to America
Philolog Wiener later emigrated to America.
Commercial School opens
The Commercial School opened on Folk Kempner’s initiative.
Death of Yekhiel Ber Volkovsky
Yekhiel Ber Volkovsky died at age 84 after 50 years as city leader.
Founding of the Jewish Sports Club
Pamerants founded a Jewish sports club.
Death of Menachem Mendel Davidzon
Menachem Mendel Davidzon died at an OCR-uncertain age.
Social Library opens
The Social Library opened.
Death of Dr. Zalman Fliate
Dr. Zalman Fliate died at a stated age.
Founding of the Gilorino Theater
The Gilorino Theater was founded.
Death of Maxim Litvinov
Walter Lowe, Ivy's father, died in London.
Interview with Yaakov Valakh
A Polish newspaper journalist interviewed Litvinov’s elder brother, Rabbi Yaakov Valakh, in Warsaw in late 1928.
Outbreak of the war
The author states that war broke out on September 1, 1939.
Expected Soviet Army occupation
Soviet radio announced that the Soviet Army was expected to occupy Bialystok and neighboring territories on September 17; the passage does not confirm completion.
Arrival of Jewish war refugees in Bialystok
Tens of thousands of Jewish war refugees arrived in Bialystok from parts of Poland.
Deportation of non-Jewish Bialystok residents to Siberia
Several thousand non-Jewish Bialystok residents were arrested and sent to Siberia.
Unification of three Jewish orphanages
Three Jewish orphanages were united into one larger institution.
Construction of a three-story building on Yurovtser Street
Lapidus erected a three-story building with shops and apartments on Yurovtser Street.
Triling arrested and deported
The Soviets arrested Triling and sent him away; he later died in prison.
Selection of the Jewish Council
A larger meeting selected a 24-person Jewish council under Nazi orders.