Łódź
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Moshe Broderzon's newspaper work
Moshe Broderzon worked for various newspapers and wrote journalistic pieces.
David Frishman introduces Miriam Ulinower
David Frishman introduced Miriam Ulinower and her Yiddish writing to the Jewish literary world.
Death of Israel Raban
Israel Raban died in Klane in 1914.
Israel Rubin organizes literary publications in Lodz
Israel Rubin organized periodical literary publications in Lodz; the passage does not establish organizational founding.
Death of Chaim Krul
Chaim Krul died prematurely in a hospital.
Lodz established
Lodz was established in the first half of the nineteenth century.
German entry into Lodz
The Germans marched into Lodz in 1939; afterward, Lodz synagogues were burned.
Study in Warsaw
The narrator completed gymnasium and began studying in Warsaw.
Death of Israel Lichtenstein
Israel Lichtenstein died in the United States in the stated year.
Murder of Dr. Aleksander Margolis
Dr. Aleksander Margolis was murdered after Germans occupied Lodz.
Air-raid alarms in Lodz
Air-raid sirens warned of an air attack and repeatedly interrupted court proceedings in Lodz.
Shmuel Diker studies medicine abroad
Shmuel Diker went abroad and studied as a doctor.
Jewish artisans enter large factories
Jewish artisans entered large factories as Lodz’s textile industry developed.
Creation of a modern Yiddish stage in Łódź
Łódź was first to create a modern Yiddish small stage in the early 1920s.
Yosef Rumshyn begins artistic career in Lodz
Yosef Rumshyn reportedly began his artistic career in Lodz as first conductor.
Transport to Lower Silesia
The narrator joined a group transported in freight wagons to Lower Silesia.
Death of A. Zimmerman
A. Zimmerman died in Sydney in 1968.
Detention in Skierniewice
German military units detained people in a monastery without food or water.
Gestapo raid on Astoria Café
1939-11-01
November 1939 assault
An assault occurred around 8 p.m. on 1 November 1939.
Shootings of 24 Jews
Twenty-four Jews were shot in the first days of December 1939.
Organization of ghetto labor resorts
Hans Biebow ordered consultation initiating organization of labor resorts in the ghetto.
Final transport from the Lodz Ghetto
The final transport, numbered 80, departed the ghetto on 2 April 1942.
Łódź ghetto deportations in 1942
Deportations from the Łódź ghetto included children, sick people, and elderly people.
Shootings during resistance
More than 70 people were shot while resisting efforts to save children; the quoted passage does not securely establish the date or make the ghetto a victim.
Conference on ghetto labor and industry
A conference discussed labor and industry in the ghetto.
Transport from Litzmannstadt Ghetto
Workers in the named departments and their families were ordered to assemble on 9 August 1944 and leave the ghetto on 10 August 1944.
Announcement ordering evacuation of designated buildings
An announcement ordered residents to leave specified buildings by August 25, 1944.
Meat distribution in the ghetto
Rumkowski used private butcher shops to distribute meat in the ghetto before rationing was introduced.
Sending Jews to Rzeszow
Jews were sent to Rzeszow as a warning that Lodz would become Jew-free.
Ghetto demonstrations and clashes
Demonstrations and clashes occurred between hungry unemployed people and the ghetto police.
German police entry into the ghetto
German authorities sent several trucks carrying German police into the ghetto after demonstrations threatened order; shots were fired and the demonstrations were quelled.
First workshops established in the ghetto
The first workshops were described as the foundation of the ghetto, according to Rumkowski.
Expansion of ghetto workshops
Ghetto workshops gradually began accepting work from the outside world and diversified into various trades.
Announcement of ghetto residents' deportation
A street poster announced that some ghetto residents would be sent away.
Confinement in the ghetto
Families were confined and apparently forbidden to appear on the enclosed street.