Łuków
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Mobilization at the outbreak of World War II
At the outbreak of World War II in Lukow, Bertshe Ganski and an unnamed son of Aharon Krelnboim were mobilized; Ganski received military clothing, while the son was sent home because suitable equipment was unavailable.
Bombing during burial preparations
German aviation bombed the area while burial work was nearly complete.
Forced march toward Siedlce
Men were searched, arranged in rows, and led toward Siedlce under threat of shooting.
Deportation to Węgrów
A group was deported to Węgrów; many were shot en route.
Bertche Ganski reaches Parczew
Bertche Ganski arrived in Parczew before Yom Kippur.
Murder of Bertche Ganski
Bertche Ganski was shot near his own home by Neumann.
Shooting of Bertsche
Neuman shot Bertsche after deceptively speaking to him.
Murder of Lipe Kestin in Lukow
Lipe Kestin was murdered in Lukow by Hitlerites.
Flight from Lukow after war outbreak
The narrator and family fled to Wolke Damaszewski and remained there until about 15 September 1939; the departure date is not specified.
Bombing of Lukow
A second major bombing struck Lukow on September 6, 1939.
Driving assembled people toward Wengrow
People were assembled at Kasztal and driven toward Wengrow; many were shot en route.
German entry into Lukow
German forces entered Lukow on 5 October.
Gestapo arrival and raid
Gestapo officers arrived from Radzin and raided several establishments on Warsaw Street, breaking property and beating people.
Gestapo detentions
Several named men were led away, and the narrator was detained at home.
Imprisonment in cooperative cash office
The narrator was beaten, registered, and locked with other prisoners.
Transport to Lublin
The group was taken to Lublin, beaten, and held in a cell.
Shootings of two Jewish doctors
Two Jewish doctors held in the cell were shot on successive evenings.
House burned during punitive expedition
David Hirsch Shidlowski’s house was burned during a punitive expedition.
Moses Aharon Weintraub sent to a death camp
Moses Aharon Weintraub was sent to a death camp after failing to ransom 200 people.
Assembly and deportation of Jews
In summer 1940, Jews were assembled at the market and about 3,000 were driven away.
Nighttime shooting in Lukow
Radzyń Gestapo forces shot Nehemiah Wenger, Isaac Liebman, Alter Liebman, and others.
Killing of Mashke Weberman
Gestapo personnel killed Mashke Weberman and several homeless people in Lukow.
Transports of Jews from Slovakia
Two transports brought 1,059 Jews from Slovakia to Lukow on 9–10 May 1942.
Nighttime action in Lukow
Nighttime action; remove the unsupported location Lukow. Murderers, including Polish police, killed 85 people in 1942.
Shootings at the Slodjan residence
Attackers shot two sons and a son-in-law on the stairs and Pinkhas in bed.
Gold demand from the Jewish council
The Gestapo demanded that the Lukow Jewish Council collect two kilograms of gold within seven days, threatening to kill all Jews in Lukow if it failed.
Confinement in the ghetto
The narrator and others were confined in an unnamed ghetto immediately after Yom Kippur 1942.
Ghetto Aktion
An Aktion began at five o’clock before dawn; Jews were driven to the pig market, and Lender and Lederman were murdered.
Formation of a Lukow ghetto resistance group
A group of five or six youths formed in the Lukow ghetto to organize resistance; Berl Peperman and Leibele Barenstits were among its members.
Shooting of a railway policeman
Resistance members entered a place near the pig market and shot a railway policeman.
Lukow Ghetto liquidation
The Lukow Ghetto was liquidated on 3 May 1943.
Shooting of hidden people
After a Polish chimney sweep found them and brought a German gendarme, the narrator’s father and brother were shot on the spot.
Killing of Polish chimney sweep
Jewish partisans shot the Polish chimney sweep, who had found the narrator's father and brother and brought a German gendarme.
Liberation of Lukow
The narrator states that the Russians liberated them on 23 July 1944; the passage subsequently mentions Łuków.
Arrival in America
The narrator arrived in America in 1949 after traveling through Katowice and Munich.
Aktion in Lukow
An Aktion was announced to begin in Lukow the following day.