Łuków
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Deportation to wagons
Thousands of Jews were taken to wagons during the reported operation.
Killing of Jewish Council members
Members of the Jewish Council were reportedly killed first.
Transport to Malcenov cemetery
Victims were gathered and taken to the New Jewish Cemetery at Malcenov.
Transport from Mezritsch to Treblinka
A transport from Mezritsch to Treblinka took Lukow residents from the station.
Guarding confiscated Jewish property
Left-behind Jewish property was stored in a synagogue and a beit midrash and guarded by Jewish and Polish police and firefighters.
Arrival of Kock Jews
Kock Jews arrived at night and were brought to designated streets.
Forced municipal labor
Four named tradesmen were taken overnight to the magistrate to complete a new detention facility in its courtyard.
Action against Kock and Lukow Jews
Many Jews from Kock and Lukow were taken away; the event location is not stated.
Deportation to the schoolyard
Approximately one hundred people were led to the schoolyard under Jewish Police escort; Birger and Neumann followed behind.
Night shooting of eighty children
Eighty children were reportedly shot at night in the Magistrate Yard.
Shooting of adults at Malczenow Cemetery
Victims were the adults and Chevra Kadisha workers, not the Chevra Kadisha organization itself.
Final surrounding of the ghetto
The ghetto was surrounded for the last time on 2 May 1943.
Shooting of Lender
Lender, the president of the Judenrat, was led aside and shot; the shooter is not explicitly identified.
Shooting of the narrator’s older brother
German SS men ordered the narrator’s older brother outside and shot him dead.
Roundup and detention at the magistrate courtyard
More than 600 people were confined at the magistrate courtyard during a roundup.
Murder of children
Approximately 200 children aged up to five were taken out and shot.
Final ghetto action
The narrator and his brother were together during the final action in the ghetto.
Movement to Galambek forest
Sixteen people went to the Galambek forest.
Deaths at the bunker
The sixteen people in the bunker were killed, and the bunker became their grave.
German attack near a forest fire
Germans opened fire on Jewish people near a fire; almost all were killed.
Survival until liberation
Armed Lukow residents sheltered the narrator and others in a forest bunker until liberation.
Formation of Lukow landsmen association in Brussels
A small Lukow emigrant group formed a landsmen association under Israel Goldgewicht.
May 1937 journey to Lukow
In May 1937, the narrator traveled to Lukow; Yosl got off in Lodz.
German invasion of Poland
Hitler’s army attacked Poland on 1 September 1939.
German attack on Belgium
German forces attacked neutral Belgium on 10 May 1940.
Planned flight toward Paris
The narrator and companions decided to flee toward Paris.
Arrival near Toulouse
The narrator arrived near Toulouse after eight days of travel.
Mobilization into the Polish Army
The narrator and Naphtali received orders to join the Polish Army in France.
Formation of the Vichy government
A capitulationist government was formed in Vichy under Pétain and Laval.
Return to Belgium
The narrator decided to return to Belgium after an order concerning homeless people.
Deportation of Lukow Jews from Belgium
Many Lukow Jews were deported from Belgium, and very few returned.
Formation of the Lukow Landsmanschaft in Belgium
Rescued Lukow residents formed a landsmanschaft in Belgium after liberation.
Visit to Lukow Jewish mass grave
Yosl and his brother Yidl traveled by horse and wagon to visit the mass grave of the Lukow Jews.
Moshe Zukerman detained by Paris police
Moshe Zukerman went to the police and was immediately detained on 14 May.
Arrival at Auschwitz
The transport arrived at Auschwitz after several days without food or drink.
Sorting in Birkenau
People were divided into left and right groups by the SS in Birkenau.