Łuków
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Employment at the Minsk Jewish Hospital
H. Smoliar worked at the Minsk Jewish hospital under the name Stolarewicz.
Red Army arrival
The Red Army arrived, prompting celebration and a meeting with its commanders.
Arrest and murder of Moshe Aharon Wietrub
Moshe Aharon Wietrub was among those arrested, tortured, and murdered; the passage does not identify the perpetrator.
Shootings during forced labor
The son of Akiva Katz, a grandchild of Leibele Tentser, and the son of Yosef Beker were reportedly shot during the canal work for even minor deviations; the named men are not identified as the victims.
Deportation of Rike Jews
Rike Jews were deported to an extermination camp, identified elsewhere as Treblinka.
Taking of Radzin
The narrator's unit captured Radzin before being transferred near it.
Armed resistance in Lukow
Named Łuków Jews led passive resistance, organized a Jewish fighting organization, and fought Hitler's forces with weapons.
Removal of Jews from the Minsk Ghetto
Lavke Sparberg led youths helping Jews leave the ghetto for partisans in July 1943.
Third German action in Minsk Ghetto
During the third German action, Nahum Goldzak lost his wife and two children.
Expected Red Army arrival
The Red Army was expected to arrive and remain in the town.
Internment of citizens at French camps
The first citizens were interned at the camps on 14 May 1941.
Return home after liberation
The narrator returned home in April 1946, not long after liberation.
Yosef Burshtits and family survived
Yosef Burshtits, his wife, and three children survived.
Burial of the dead at Maltsinov
The dead were taken to Maltsinov and buried there.
Mordechai’s arrival during World War I
Mordechai arrived as a homeless person during the First World War.
Founding of the society
The society was founded as a benevolent organization.
Evacuation of Mons prison
Mons prison was rapidly evacuated because of the sudden American landing in France.
Reported sudden death of Nahum Goldzak
News of Nahum Goldzak’s sudden death arrived in 1955.
Reuven Heiblum goes to Warsaw
At age thirteen, Reuven left Łuków and went to Warsaw.
Berl became an independent tailor
After three years, Berl's sister rented him an attic room, and Berl became an independent shoemaker.
Death of Berl Lip
Berl Lip died young, apparently at about age thirty; dateStart should be empty.
Death of Yaakov Zukerman
Yaakov Zukerman was buried in the grave of the Friends of Łuków.
Moshe Shlakhtavitch arrested in 1926
Moshe Shlakhtavitch was arrested and tried in 1926 after a political provocation; the place is unspecified.
Family killings in Auschwitz or Majdanek
Moshe Feldman, Chaya-Hinde, and Shimshele died in 1942–1943; the passage names Auschwitz and Majdanek without assigning individuals to either place.
Murder of the Rendl family members
The narrator's father Mender Rendl, mother Leah, sisters Hannah, Deborah, and Golda, and brothers Berl and Hershel were tragically killed by Hitlerist bandits.
Destruction of the family
The passage mourns the terrible destruction or loss of the family; it does not establish murder, perpetrators, or a more specific event.
Second World War
A new world catastrophe came in September 1939.
Beginning of Jewish settlement in Lukow
The passage suggests settlement in Lukow began in the fifteenth century or earlier.
Capture of Łuków by Swedish forces
Łuków was captured and heavily damaged during political conflict.
Arrests of Paraitz leaders
Police arrested Paraitz leaders and councilman Shlomo Zakalik.
Death of Rabbi Zebulun
Rabbi Zebulun died in bed before the beginning of the Aktionen.
Arrests of two peasants
Two peasants were arrested in Kurteuv after Jews were reportedly found in their barns.
Aktion against Jews in hiding
An automatic weapon burst indicated an Aktion against Jews hiding in the forest.
Shooting of 90 persons
Ninety persons were shot after being forced to dance and sing.
Typhus epidemic death of Leah Feldman-Edelman
Leah Feldman-Edelman died during a typhus epidemic while volunteering in World War I.