Białystok
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679 nodes · Organization
Hitlerist gendarmes
Hitlerist gendarmes guarded the ghetto from outside.
Hashomer Hatzair
A youth organization whose members formed the kibbutz.
Judenrat
The Jewish council received demands and organized supplies for German guests.
Judenrat Presidium
The passage names the presidium as the council’s executive body.
Germans
Negotiated with by Barash regarding harsh decrees.
Jewish Police
An internal Jewish police or order service.
Rabbinate
The rabbinate declared a communal ban supporting the council's fundraising.
Jewish Police
Created by the Jewish Council under German authority.
German patrol
Patrol involved in supervising a ghetto gate.
Jewish Council commission
A commission was created to identify earners and collect taxes.
Heating company
A heating company mentioned as conducting the heating operation.
Special factory
A factory producing marmalade under Jewish Council authorization.
Jewish Police
Jewish police used to gather girls for forced labor.
Judenrat organs
Organizations whose activity was controlled by the commission.
Fire brigade
A ghetto fire brigade equipped with a large fire engine and other tools.
Hitlerist soldiers
Hitlerist soldiers blocked surrounding small streets and forced Jews toward the synagogue.
Jewish aid police
Police force described as numbering 200 members.
Black Corps
Nazi extermination brigade described as sending representatives to Bialystok.
Pruzhany Jewish Council
A delegation from the Pruzhany Jewish Council requested support for Pruzhany.
Bialystok Jewish Council
The Bialystok Jewish Council allocated financial assistance to Pruzhany.
German guards
German guards controlled the ghetto gate and sometimes accepted bribes.
Professional smugglers
Professional Jewish smugglers transported goods into the ghetto on a large scale.
Nazi sadists
Nazi guards confiscated food and abused people at the ghetto gate.
Outside-ghetto workers
Outside-ghetto workers served as intermediaries in trade between Jews, Poles, and Germans.
German Trust
A German trust controlled three major textile combines.
Jewish Council of Bialystok
Council issuing labor warnings in Bialystok.
German Labor Office
Authority reporting on Jewish labor discipline.
Criminal Police
The criminal police is mentioned alongside the Gestapo building.
German Wehrmacht
The Jewish Council's cutting workshops worked for the Wehrmacht.
German murderers
The passage says German murderers demanded the surrender of unemployed elements.
German Occupation Authority
The occupying authority ordered residents not to leave the ghetto.
Stapa
Stapa is described as the new authority overseeing the ghetto.
Jewish Militia
Jewish militia cooperation with Germans is mentioned.
Białystok Jewish Council
The council issued a notice concerning children sent to Wołkowysk for work.
“Angels”
“Angels” represented forced laborers who paid money to avoid assigned work.
Bialystok Jewish Partisan Movement
A Bialystok Jewish partisan movement is mentioned as influenced by resistance.