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Mark Kliger
Succeeded David Gertler as leader after Gertler's removal in summer 1942.
Regular Police Service
Police force introduced by Rumkowski in the Lodz ghetto.
Sonder Police
Elite police force led first by David Gertler and later Mark Kliger.
Writers' Circle
The ghetto reportedly formed a circle of writers.
Circle of Painters and Musicians
The ghetto reportedly formed a circle of painters and musicians.
Youth Groups
Youth groups maintained their activities in the ghetto.
Teachers and Educators
Teachers and educators transformed labor departments into educational places for young children.
Markiewicz
A young pedagogue who founded a children's educational institution in the ghetto.
Glazer's Resort
A resort associated with the children's educational institution and theatre.
Children's Educational Institution
An institution founded by Markiewicz in summer 1943.
Theatre of Children for Children
A children's theatre established by Markiewicz and his wife at the resort.
David Beinelman
A musician who participated in the children's theatre.
Shimon Yanovsky
A participant in the children's theatre.
Moshe Weinberg
A participant in the children's theatre.
Shalom Schwartz
A participant in the children's theatre.
Sheva Glos-Wiener
A writer who participated in the children's theatre.
Shamai Rosenblum
A writer who participated in the children's theatre.
Warsaw Ghetto
The passage reports an armed Jewish revolt in Warsaw.
Sicily
The passage mentions the invasion of Sicily.
Jewish community in Eastern Europe
The passage refers to the liquidation of the last Jewish community in Eastern Europe.
Soviet Russia
The passage says Soviet Russia was expected to play a liberating role.
young vendor
A young child selling goods in the ghetto.
a police officer
A police officer is described as taking a poor person's goods.
Charnietskeno Street
Street where a youth improvement home operated in 1941.
Tashemka brothers
Two young brothers who exhibited paintings at an exhibition.
dedicated educator
An unnamed educator devoted to and sacrificed for the orphans.
Shloyme
A child addressed during a counting game involving losses.
German
A German imagined capturing a doll during a play scenario.
Russians
Russian forces arrived and their advance guard frightened the Germans.
Dr. Weisskopf
Person who hid despite a broken leg and was shot at the site.
Hitler's army
Hitler's army marched into Lodz, prompting young Jewish men to flee.
Russian border
A destination where young Jewish men sought temporary protection.
the speaker's family
The speaker describes a father in Russia, a recently deceased mother, and two younger children.
children providers
Children became household providers from their earliest years.
families with child providers
Small families with child providers waited in queues and sought food and fuel.
the children's colony in Marysin
A children's colony in Marysin housed orphaned children during the ghetto period.