Łuków
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Capture of a Jew
A Pole bound an unnamed Jew, took him to the sołtys, and demanded 100 zlotys for capturing him.
Attack on the Lukow ghetto
In spring 1943, the town was full of German SS personnel and Ukrainians; residents were ordered to report with bundles, hid in cellars and prepared shelters, and faced shooting that drew nearer.
Death of Mordechai Nisnkar and family
Mordechai Nisnkar died with his wife and child during German bombing in September 1939.
Train shooting and escape attempt
German perpetrators shot deportees on a train between Lukow and Siedlce.
Imprisonment at Auschwitz
The narrator describes forced labor, selections, and threatened extermination at Auschwitz.
Soviet withdrawal from Lukow
The Soviets withdrew from Lukow two days before the narrator returned from Warsaw.
Shooting of Ditz company workers
Germans shot ten workers after a money-taking incident, including several named victims.
Death of Yosl Mates Leib
Yosl Mates Leib died two days after Krelnboim returned home.
Bertche Ganski’s military service
Bertche Ganski served with a Polish unit on the front.
Shooting of Bertsche's father
The passage describes two shootings: a shooter identified as 'פאלקםדײטש' shot Bertsche's father, and Neuman then shot Bertsche as he tried to rescue him.
Life Kestin's journey to Lukow
Life Kestin traveled from Warsaw toward Siedlce and reached Lukow with his son.
Murder of Life Kestin
German soldiers pursued Life Kestin and his son in Lukow and ordered Jews to leave; this excerpt does not establish a murder.
Shooting of Orke Gachalik
An unnamed author of autobiographical novels about the former criminal Farberowicz ("Orke Gachalik") was shot by Reichswehr murderers in Otwock.
Red Army entry into Lukow
The Red Army entered Lukow on 29 September; the year is not stated in the passage.
Red Army withdrawal from Lukow
The Russians left Lukow on 4 October after the Red Army withdrew.
Attack in the narrator’s house
The attackers struck the narrator's wife; the homeless person in his house and Tad Shidlovski were also beaten.
Burial in a brotherly grave
A brotherly grave was excavated for most Judenrat members of that period; the Miechower rabbi was separately described as shot.
Work at the schoolyard labor camp
About one hundred people worked clearing Jewish homes and shops.
End of the Lukow Jewish community
The Lukow Jewish community ceased to exist after the May 1943 action.
Return to Łuków
The narrator and another escapee wandered for five days, returned to Łuków, and then the narrator found the parents and entire family there.
Escape from a deportation train
The narrator and others opened a train door, and nearly all jumped out of the wagon.
Emigration to Belgium
The unnamed narrator decided to emigrate to Belgium because of limited means; Poland and Belgium should not be recorded as SUBJECT participants.
Killing at Lomstautam
The unnamed naked people were taken out before daybreak to Lomstautam, several kilometers from the camp, and killed there.
Forced labor at Steinbruch
The number of workers at Steinbruch reached 400, with additional workers elsewhere.
French liberation and hospital recovery
The narrator regained consciousness in Regensburg Hospital, where a French doctor told him that he was free.
Escape from Łuków Ghetto
The narrator and family left their bunker and fled through fields and across the Krzna River.
Partisan losses near the forest
Yehiel Einstok, Aharon Erlich, and many others from Kock fell while attempting to connect with Polish partisans.
Armed fighting against Polish attackers
Jewish fighters exchanged fire with Polish attackers and pursued them into a forest.
Destruction of Lukow Jewish life
German perpetrators and auxiliaries killed Jewish families and transferred them to Treblinka.
Attack by Polish partisans
The group was surrounded and faced an armed attack by Polish partisans.
Escape from deportation train
Young men forced open a wagon door and some prisoners jumped from the train.
Shootings of captured Jews in Lukow
Captured Jews were detained in Lukow, and groups were continuously taken out and shot until Tuesday, 11 November. The excerpt does not state a start date or year.
First Bund demonstration
After the 1905 manifesto, a first demonstration with a red flag took place in Lukow; the excerpt does not identify a Bund organizer.
Forced removal of Lukow Jews to Wengrow
Two thousand Jews were driven to Wengrow and held outdoors without food or drink.
Train deportation toward Treblinka
A train carried Lukow Jews toward the Treblinka death camp; Anshtak and Weissboim jumped from it.
Surviving fighters regroup near Lukow
A group of surviving Jewish fighters organized itself in the Shvertshevski forest near Lukow under Yehiel Anshtak and Reuven Weissboim.