Białystok
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Litman
A person whom Khazanovich recognizes and says he awaited all his life.
Dr. M. Sudarsky
A doctor identified by young people at the restaurant.
Dr. Ludwig Zamenhof
The creator of Esperanto, named in a closing caption.
Young Zionists
A large group gathered at the restaurant and watched with curiosity.
National Library
A national library for which Khazanovich asks for books and resources.
Eleanor Roosevelt
Former president’s wife who proposed an international language for peace.
Lazarus (Ludwik) Zamenhof
Bialystok Jewish physician who created Esperanto in 1887.
Esperanto
Artificial international auxiliary language created by Zamenhof.
The Bialystok Yizkor Book
Publication title appearing in the passage.
Belgium
The first Esperanto congress took place in Belgium in 1905.
First Esperanto Congress
Zamenhof attended the first Esperanto congress in Belgium in 1905.
Ludwik Zamenhof
Man born in Bialystok in 1859 to poor Jewish parents.
Zamenhof family
Ludwik Zamenhof was born to poor Jewish parents.
Leibniz
Named among earlier researchers and thinkers in language experiments.
Bialystok Gymnasium
Gymnasium associated with the named teachers.
Esperantists
Supporters and friends of Esperanto active worldwide.
David Sohn
Named contributor or author associated with the passage.
Esperantists' congress
Congress attended by representatives of peoples worldwide.
Esperanto Bible translation
Systematic translation of the Bible into Esperanto.
Sheremetiev
A former pristav described as an enemy of Jews and pogrom organizer.
Bialystok pogrom of June 1906
A pogrom against Bialystok Jews lasted three days in June 1906.
Derkatchev
Police chief described as a liberal and popular figure in Bialystok.
Doctor Reigrodsky
Jewish public worker who appealed against the pogrom killings.
Bagaievsky
Military garrison general appealed to stop the killings and looting.
Professor Shchepkin
Deputy who joined a delegation investigating the Bialystok pogrom.
Colonel Arkantsev
Deputy who joined a delegation investigating the Bialystok pogrom.
Advocate Yakobson
Deputy who joined a delegation investigating the Bialystok pogrom.
Bialystok railway station
Railway station where Jewish passengers were murdered.
Duma
Parliament where the pogrom report prompted a protest storm.
Bialystok pogrom
Pogrom in Bialystok prompted a parliamentary delegation and hospital treatment of victims.
Hospital
A hospital held dead and wounded victims during the pogrom.
Jewish Self-Defense
Jewish self-defense organized by workers’ parties during the pogrom days.
The city
The city experienced gunfire, looting, and near-total silence during the violence.
Police
Police and armed soldiers fired in streets and houses.
Einstein
A Jewish teacher killed with his wife and two children.
Einstein family
Family killed during the described massacre.