Białystok
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First liquidation of the Bialystok ghetto
The first ghetto liquidation deported 12,000 Jews to Treblinka.
Final liquidation of the Bialystok ghetto
The final liquidation involved resistance and the destruction of the ghetto.
Nazi attack on the ghetto
Several hundred armed Nazis entered the ghetto and occupied factories and the Judenrat building.
Nazi operation against the ghetto
Jews near the ghetto fence heard suspicious noises and heavy Nazi footsteps, causing confusion and panic on August 16, 1943, at 2 A.M.
Orphans' suicide at the orphanage
Abramczyk and two other orphans hanged themselves at the orphanage entrance.
Death of Cantor Czudin
Cantor Czudin died of a heart attack during the liquidation.
Zionist club
Club at the narrator's school where they held first membership.
Moses Levin
Teacher who translated Russian books into Hebrew.
Jewish Bialystok
The Jewish community of Bialystok developed institutions, culture, and notable personalities.
Rishon LeZion
The first emigrants from Bialystok founded Rishon LeZion with Rothschild assistance.
The narrator's parents
The narrator's parents married in 1889 and prepared to join a later group.
The Rothschilds
The Rothschilds assisted the founding of Rishon LeZion.
Cleveland
The signatory identified Cleveland as his location.
Adolf Hitler
The passage refers to Hitler's plan against Jewish history and culture.
Yedidya L. Hamburg
Person named in the first row of a caption.
Paul Shokhet
Person named in the second row of a caption.
Isaac Ribalovsky
Person named in the second row of a caption.
Sal Krim
Person named in the third row of a caption.
Meishel Kremer
Person named in the third row of a caption.
Jacob Beren
Person named in the third row of a caption.
Argentina
One destination to which Bialystok Jews emigrated.
Jan Klemens Branicki
Count Jan Klemens Branicki invited Jews to settle and helped develop Bialystok.
Wasilkower Street
Wasilkower Street is remembered among Bialystok streets and places.
Khoroshch
Town described as surrounded by Bialystok.
Horodok
Town described as surrounded by Bialystok.
Yanove
Town described as surrounded by Bialystok.
Yashnovke
Town described as surrounded by Bialystok.
Knishin
Town described as surrounded by Bialystok.
Odelsk
Town described as surrounded by Bialystok.
Sakale
Town described as surrounded by Bialystok.
Zabludove
Town described as surrounded by Bialystok.
Vashlikove
Town described as surrounded by Bialystok.
New Beth Midrash
Beth midrash established in Bialystok by 1800.
Aaron Halevi Horowitz
Rabbi credited with opening Bialystok’s first printing house in 1804.
Bialystok first printing house
First printing house in Bialystok, opened in 1804.
Biali River
River beside a structure called the Stav, later replaced by a city garden.