Skala-Podilska
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295 nodes · Event
Founding of the Ashendorf Youth Band
The Jewish partisan band was founded in the Barshtshev ghetto.
Ashendorf Youth Band activity
The band operated in Tsiganer Forest until December 1945.
Forest action
A forest action lasted all day; Germans shot people unable to reach bunkers.
Bodies found and buried in the forest
The group found victims’ bodies and buried them among young pine trees.
Bodies buried at forest edge
Peasants buried Hersh and Max Shwarzbach at the forest edge after Germans shot them.
Discovery and liquidation of a bunker
A bunker sheltering between 12 and 50 Skala Jews was discovered and liquidated in late October 1943.
Capture and torture of Max Brechnider
Ukrainian police captured, tortured, and beat Max Brechnider to locate a bunker.
Murder of bunker occupants
Murderers forced Jews from a bunker with smoke and shot them; others were killed inside.
Ukrainian policeman enters the forest
A Ukrainian policeman entered the forest before the Christian holiday to cut a young pine tree.
German soldiers hunt in the forest
German soldiers hunted wild boars in the forest several weeks after the incident.
Construction of new bunkers
Named men undertook construction of new bunkers deep in the forest during winter.
Massacre of Shalom Grinberg’s family and Skala Jews
Shalom Grinberg’s father, sister, and nineteen other Skala Jews were shot and burned.
Regular visits by the husband
The husband visits weekly for two days and brings provisions, books, and newspapers.
Repeated pogroms against Jews
Pogroms recur every three or four weeks and kill thousands of young people.
Pogrom in Kapuchinits
A terrible pogrom occurred in Kapuchinits.
Pogrom in Barshchov
A pogrom was underway in Barshchov.
Arrival of the Bolsheviks
The narrator reports hearing that the Bolsheviks had arrived in their village.
Husband departs to join brother
The narrator’s husband leaves to join her brother before traveling toward Skala.
Imprisonment in a forced-labor camp
Prisoners were held in a guarded camp and compelled to perform labor.
Forced brick transport under armed guard
Prisoners were forced to carry bricks up a mountain while guards beat them and fired shots.
Winter hardship of 1941–1942
A very difficult winter is described for Yitzhak.
Road-clearing labor for Hungarian soldiers
Workers were sought to clear a snow-blocked road for Hungarian soldiers in late February 1942.
Aktion in Borshchiv
A large Aktion in Borshchiv caused many Skala residents to die.
Liberation
Liberation arrived on 23 March 1944, but only a few Jews survived.
Shooting of Haim Gatesfeld
Haim Gatesfeld was shot after collapsing near the study house.
Shooting of David Tabak's younger daughter
David Tabak's younger daughter was shot while fleeing with her mother.
Flight to Kapychyntsi
The narrator and others fled on foot before Russian officers transported them to Kapychyntsi.
Leibish Mazner’s military service
Leibish Mazner was sent to the military and reached Husiatyn.
Shalom Epstein’s military service
Shalom Epstein served several months before being released.
Borshchiv Aktion
A major Aktion took place in Borshchiv on 5 June 1943, killing many Skala residents.
Murder of Meir Zusie
Meir Zusie was reportedly killed by Tsypaliuk in Tsyhan.
Murder of 18 Jews
A murderer reportedly confessed to capturing and killing 18 Jews in the forest.
Imprisonment in a Soviet prison
Polish prisoners were held in a Soviet prison in Orsha.
Transfer to another cell
Twenty-five women were transferred to another overcrowded cell during the night.
Trials of Nazi murderers
Nazi murderers of Skala residents were arrested and tried after liberation.
Hamburg trial proceedings against Engel
An investigation ended and a trial was scheduled in Hamburg for February 1970.